The vegetarian diet is a form of nutrition that requires little or no consumption of animal foods and the intensive consumption of vegetables.
There are various
classifications according to the animal nutrition consumption situation in the
vegetarian diet.
Vegetarian diet types are classified as;
Vegan Diet: Though
there are no consumption of animal foods,vegetables are only eaten.
Lactovegetarian Diet:
In addition to vegetables, there
are also consumption of milk and dairy products.
Ova Vegetarian Diet:
Besides vegetable foods, vegetarian
diet is also an egg-based food.
Lacto-ova Vegetarian
Diet: It is a vegetarian group
that is fed with vegetables, milk and eggs.
Groups that choose between meats; There is no red meat intake.
Vegetables+poultry= Polo Vegetarian
Vegetables+seafood=Pesko Vegetarian
Semi vegetarian: They can prefer chicken and fish in part, and
they can eat eggs and milk without any restrictions.
Advantages Of
Vegetarian Diet On Health
- Despite the presence of cholesterol in animal-derived foods, there is no cholesterol in vegetable-derived nutrients. The risk of developing cardiovascular disease in those who consume vegetable-derived foods is stated as 30% less.
- With vegetables there are high consumption of minerals such as sodium,magnesium,calcium. These minerals play a role in the regulation of blood pressure. Therefore, the prevalence of blood pressure and hypertension in the vegetarian diet is stated as low degree.
- Vitamin E, vitamin C, karetenoids and other bioactive antioxidants are taken in high quantities by increasing vegetable nutrients. This may reduce the incidence of cancer.
- Being rich in fiber content,constipation is more rarely seen in vegetarian diet.
Disadvantages Of Vegetarian
Diet On Health
- The absorption of iron minerals in plant foods is not as high as in animals.Animal foods such as fish,chicken,meat,egg contains higher amount of iron than vegetables.Therefore,inadequate iron intake or low absorption of iron in vegetarian diet might be resulted with anemia(iron defficiency).
- Especially in vegan vegetarians there is a risk of vitamin B12 insufficiency. If sufficient amount of B12 is not taken, iron deficiency may occur and the nervous system may be adversely affected.
- The calcium content of milk and dairy products is high. According to the type of vegetarian diet, when the milk is not consumed in sufficient amount, bone health can be adversely affected and osteoporosis can occur.
- The abundance of vitamin B12 may rise homocysteine end result, the risk of heart disease may increase.
- The protein content of animal nutrients is high. If the animal nutrients are not consumed enough, the individual may not get enough protein. Growth and developments of children are adversely affected, if the children are fed vegetarian.
- Since the caloric content of vegetables is not high, daily energy needs of individuals may not be met.When we take less energy from our basal metabolism, our metabolism may slow down and our weight loss process may become difficult.
NOTE: Individuals should be given a standard diet instead of
a vegetarian diet. The Ministry of Health has recommended that 10-15% of daily
energy be provided from proteins, 55-60% from carbohydrates, and a maximum of
30% from oils.
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